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Featured snapshot report

Egypt
Region: Middle East & North Africa
Income category: Lower middle income
Population: 74,032,884
GNI per capita (US$): 1,250.00

Ease of...	2006 rank	2005 rank	Change in rank
Doing Business	165	164	-1
Starting a Business	125	123	-2
Dealing with Licenses	169	169	0
Employing Workers	144	147	+3
Registering Property	141	139	-2
Getting Credit	159	160	+1
Protecting Investors	118	114	-4
Paying Taxes	144	155	+11
Trading Across Borders	83	94	+11
Enforcing Contracts	157	157	0
Closing a Business	120	115	-5

Starting a Business (2006)

The challenges of launching a business in are shown below. Included are: the number of steps entrepreneurs can expect to go through to launch, the time it takes on average, and the cost and minimum capital required as a percentage of gross national income (GNI) per capita.

Indicator	Egypt	Region	OECD
Procedures (number)	10	10.3	6.2
Time (days)	19	40.9	16.6
Cost (% of income per capita)	68.8	74.5	5.3
Min. capital (% of income per capita)	694.7	744.5	36.1

Dealing with Licenses (2006)

Shown below are the procedures, time, and costs to build a warehouse in , including obtaining necessary licenses and permits, completing required notifications and inspections, and obtaining utility connections.

Indicator	Egypt	Region	OECD
Procedures (number)	30	19.9	14.0
Time (days)	263	206.9	149.5
Cost (% of income per capita)	1,002.0	499.9	72.0

Employing Workers (2006)

The difficulties that employers in face in hiring and firing workers are shown below. Each index assigns values between 0 and 100, with higher values representing more rigid regulations. The Rigidity of Employment Index is an average of the three indices.

Indicator	Egypt	Region	OECD
Difficulty of Hiring Index	0	29.7	27.0
Rigidity of Hours Index	60	44.7	45.2
Difficulty of Firing Index	100	32.9	27.4
Rigidity of Employment Index	53	35.8	33.3
Hiring cost (% of salary)	26.0	15.6	21.4
Firing costs (weeks of wages)	186.3	56.9	31.3

Registering Property (2006)

The ease with which businesses in can secure rights to property is shown below. Included are the number of steps, time, and cost involved in registering property.

Indicator	Egypt	Region	OECD
Procedures (number)	7	6.6	4.7
Time (days)	193	49.4	31.8
Cost (% of property value)	5.9	6.9	4.3

Getting Credit (2006)

Measures on credit information sharing and the legal rights of borrowers and lenders in Egypt are shown below. The Legal Rights Index ranges from 0-10, with higher scores indicating that those laws are better designed to expand access to credit. The Credit Information Index measures the scope, access and quality of credit information available through public registries or private bureaus. It ranges from 0-6, with higher values indicating that more credit information is available from a public registry or private bureau.

Indicator	Egypt	Region	OECD
Legal Rights Index	1	3.9	6.3
Credit Information Index	2	2.4	5.0
Public registry coverage (% adults)	1.5	3.2	8.4
Private bureau coverage (% adults)	0.0	7.6	60.8

Protecting Investors (2006)

The indicators below describe three dimensions of investor protection: transparency of transactions (Extent of Disclosure Index), liability for self-dealing (Extent of Director Liability Index), shareholders’ ability to sue officers and directors for misconduct (Ease of Shareholder Suits Index) and Strength of Investor Protection Index. The indexes vary between 0 and 10, with higher values indicating greater disclosure, greater liability of directors, greater powers of shareholders to challenge the transaction, and better investor protection.

Indicator	Egypt	Region	OECD
Disclosure Index	5	5.8	6.3
Director Liability Index	3	4.6	5.0
Shareholder Suits Index	5	3.5	6.6
Investor Protection Index	4.3	4.6	6.0

Paying Taxes (2006)

The data below shows the tax that a medium-size company in must pay or withhold in a given year, as well as measures of the administrative burden in paying taxes. These measures include the number of payments an entrepreneur must make; the number of hours spent preparing, filing, and paying; and the percentage of their profits they must pay in taxes.

Indicator	Egypt	Region	OECD
Payments (number)	41	29.6	15.3
Time (hours)	536	236.6	202.9
Total tax rate (% profit)	50.4	40.8	47.8

Trading Across Borders (2006)

The costs and procedures involved in importing and exporting a standardized shipment of goods in Egypt are detailed under this topic. Every official procedure involved is recorded - starting from the final contractual agreement between the two parties, and ending with the delivery of the goods.

Indicator	Egypt	Region	OECD
Documents for export (number)	8	7.1	4.8
Time for export (days)	20	27.1	10.5
Cost to export (US$ per container)	1,014	924	811
Documents for import (number)	8	10.3	5.9
Time for import (days)	25	35.4	12.2
Cost to import (US$ per container)	1,049	1,183	883

Enforcing Contracts (2006)

The ease or difficulty of enforcing commercial contracts in is measured below. This is determined by following the evolution of a payment dispute and tracking the time, cost, and number of procedures involved from the moment a plaintiff files the lawsuit until actual payment.

Indicator	Egypt	Region	OECD
Procedures (number)	55	41.6	22.2
Time (days)	1,010	606.1	351.2
Cost (% of debt)	18.4	17.7	11.2

Closing a Business (2006)

The time and cost required to resolve bankruptcies in is shown below. The data identifies weaknesses in existing bankruptcy law and the main procedural and administrative bottlenecks in the bankruptcy process. The recovery rate, expressed in terms of how many cents on the dollar claimants recover from the insolvent firm, is also shown.

Indicator	Egypt	Region	OECD
Time (years)	4.2	3.1	1.4
Cost (% of estate)	22.0	12.1	7.1
Recovery rate (cents on the dollar)	16.6	25.7	74.0

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