Born

About 287 BC in Syracuse, Sicily. At the time Syracuse was an independent Greek city-state with a 500-year history.

Syracuse, NY then named after Syracuse Sicily

Died

212 or 211 BC in Syracuse when it was being sacked by a Roman army. He was killed by a Roman soldier who did not know who he was.

In fact Archimedes was busy his his books, he did not know Syracuse was took over by the Romans. A soldier came to him and kicked his books asking him who he was, Archimedes got angry and consequently was killed by the soldier.

Education

Probably studied in Alexandria, Egypt, under the followers of Euclid.

Family

His father was an astronomer named Phidias and he was probably related to Hieron II, the king of Syracuse. It is not known whether he was married or had any children.

Inventions

Many war machines used in the defense of Syracuse, compound pulley systems, planetarium, water screw (possibly), water organ (possibly), burning mirrors (very unlikely).

Fields of
Science
Initiated

Hydrostatics, static mechanics, pycnometry (the measurement of the volume or density of an object). He is called the "father of integral calculus" and also the "father of mathematical physics".

Major
Writings

On plane equilibriums, Quadrature of the parabola, On the sphere and cylinder, On spirals, On conoids and spheroids, On floating bodies, Measurement of a circle, The Sandreckoner, On the method of mechanical problems.

Place in
History

Generally regarded as the greatest mathematician and scientist of antiquity and one of the three greatest mathematicians of all time (together with Isaac Newton (English 1643-1727) and Carl Friedrich Gauss (German 1777-1855).